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New Carbon Allotropes: Graphyne, Graphdiyne and Beyond. [View all]
When I was a kid, one was taught there were two carbon allotropes, diamond and graphite.
The world has changed; there are too many allotropes of carbon to count.
I'm way behind on my readings in Chemical Reviews, and the following paper is from the past April: Graphynes and Graphdiynes for Energy Storage and Catalytic Utilization: Theoretical Insights into Recent Advances Hao Li, Jong Hyeon Lim, Yipin Lv, Nannan Li, Baotao Kang, and Jin Yong Lee Chemical Reviews 2023 123 (8), 4795-4854.
It discusses some carbon allotropes of which I was unaware.
The history of the discovery of new carbon allotropes, beginning with "fullerene" (C60), through carbon nanotubes and beyond:
The caption:
Figure 1. Timeline of the development of carbon allotrope materials. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of (a) fullerene, (33) (b) carbon nanotube, (35) (c) graphene film, (18) and (d) GDY film. (38) (a) Reprinted with open access article from ref (34). Copyright 2019 MDPI under CC-BY (https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess). (b) Reprinted with open access article from ref (36). Copyright 2018 Springer Nature under CC-BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). (c) Reprinted with open access article from ref (37). Copyright 2017 Springer Nature under CC-BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). (d) Reprinted with permission from ref (5). Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. (e) Atomic force microscope (AFM) image of a GY flake. Reprinted with permission from ref (39). Copyright 2022 American Chemical Society. (f) Picture of a wafer-scale GDY film. Reprinted with permission from ref (40). Copyright 2021 Elsevier.
The caption:
Figure 3. GYF containing different numbers (n = 1, 2, 3, and 4) of acetylene linkages inserted between C(sp2) atoms.
The caption:
Figure 4. Theoretically predicted structures of α-GY, β-GY, γ-GY, GDY, and 6,6,12-GY with lattice vectors (a1 and a2).
It's an odd thing to come to the end of one's life and recognize how little one actually knows.
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