98% of all recent environmental ... world's largest meat and dairy companies can be categorized as "greenwashing" ...
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1124525
98% of all recent environmental claims and commitments from the worlds largest meat and dairy companies can be categorized as greenwashing, or intentionally misleading
Peer-Reviewed Publication
PLOS
The vast majority of environmental claims from the animal agricultural industry are misleading greenwashing that relies on vague promises or projections, according to a study published April 22, 2026 in the open-access journal PLOS Climate by Maya Bach and Jennifer Jacquet from the University of Miami, United States, and colleagues.
The meat and dairy industry accounts for 57% of total global food production emissions and at least 16.5% of all global greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, Bach and colleagues investigated recent environmental claims made by 33 of the worlds largest meat and dairy companies to assess whether these claims outlined clear and achievable ways to reduce their environmental impact, or if these claims were greenwashing (deceptive or intentionally misleading).
The authors analyzed 1,233 environmental claims drawn from the publicly available sustainability reports and websites of 33 of the worlds largest meat and dairy companies (data spanning from 2021-2024).
841 claims (68%) were classified as climate-related because they directly or indirectly addressed GHG emissions or the impact of climate changehighlighting how climate change has become a primary way to frame sustainability commitments. 467 claims (38%) were unverifiable future projections such as achieve carbon neutrality by 2030 or enable the restoration of 600 billion liters of water in water-stressed regions by 2030. The authors found company-provided supporting evidence for 356 (29%) of the 1,233 studied claims; scholarly scientific evidence was provided to support only three of these claims, two of which were climate-related. 17 of the 33 companies have now also made net-zero commitments (up from just 4 companies with net-zero pledges in 2020). These commitments appear to rely on offsetting carbon emissions rather than decarbonizing directly. Finally, the authors examined the studied environmental claims using a greenwashing framework and found that 98% (1,213) could be categorized as greenwashing, such as produce net climate-neutral dairy by no later than 2050.
Bach M, Loy L, Mach KJ, Shukla McDermid S, Jacquet J (2026) Environmental claims, climate promises, and greenwashing by meat and dairy companies. PLOS Clim 5(4): e0000773.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000773